text:
For purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings:

(a) A bird includes, but is not limited to, a duck or goose.

(b) Force feeding a bird means a process that causes the bird to consume more food than a typical bird of the same species would consume voluntarily. Force feeding methods include, but are not limited to, delivering feed through a tube or other device inserted into the bird’s esophagus.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2004, Ch. 904, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2005. Operative July 1, 2012, pursuant to Section 25984.)

chapter: 13.4. Force Fed Birds

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 13.4. Force Fed Birds


kind: section

code: HSC

text: A person may not force feed a bird for the purpose of enlarging the bird’s liver beyond normal size, or hire another person to do so.

division: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS


text: A product may not be sold in California if it is the result of force feeding a bird for the purpose of enlarging the bird’s liver beyond normal size.


text:
(a) A peace officer, officer of a humane society as qualified under Section 14502 or 14503 of the Corporations Code, or officer of an animal control or animal regulation department of a public agency, as qualified under Section 830.9 of the Penal Code, may issue a citation to a person or entity that violates this chapter.

(b) A citation issued under this section shall require the person cited to pay a civil penalty in an amount up to one thousand dollars ($1,000) for each violation, and up to one thousand dollars ($1,000) for each day the violation continues. The civil penalty shall be payable to the local agency initiating the proceedings to enforce this chapter to offset the costs to the agency related to court proceedings.

(c) A person or entity that violates this chapter may be prosecuted by the district attorney of the county in which the violation occurred, or by the city attorney of the city in which the violation occurred.


text:
(a) Sections 25980, 25981, 25982, and 25983 of this chapter shall become operative on July 1, 2012.

(b) (1) No civil or criminal cause of action shall arise on or after January 1, 2005, nor shall a pending action commenced prior to January 1, 2005, be pursued under any provision of law against a person or entity for engaging, prior to July 1, 2012, in any act prohibited by this chapter.

(2) The limited immunity from liability provided by this subdivision shall not extend to acts prohibited by this chapter that are committed on or after July 1, 2012.

(3) The protections afforded by this subdivision shall only apply to persons or entities who were engaged in, or controlled by persons or entities who were engaged in, agricultural practices that involved force feeding birds at the time of the enactment of this chapter.

(c) It is the express intention of the Legislature, by delaying the operative date of provisions of this chapter pursuant to subdivision (a) until July 1, 2012, to allow a seven and one-half year period for persons or entities engaged in agricultural practices that include raising and selling force fed birds to modify their business practices.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2004, Ch. 904, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2005. Note: This section postponed the initial operation of Sections 25980 to 25983.)


text:
A peace officer, officer of a humane society as qualified under Section 14502 or 14503 of the Corporations Code, or officer of an animal control or animal regulation department of a public agency, as qualified under Section 830.9 of the Penal Code, may issue a citation as prescribed in Section 25988.5, to a person or entity keeping horses or other equine animals for hire, if the person or entity fails to meet any of the following standards of humane treatment regarding the keeping of horses or other equine animals:

(a) Any enclosure where an equine is primarily kept shall be of sufficient size to enable the equine to comfortably stand up, turn around, and lie down, and shall be kept free of excessive urine and waste matter.

(b) Paddocks and corrals shall be of adequate size for the equine to move about freely.

(c) Buildings, premises, and conveyances used in conjunction with equines shall be kept free of sharp objects, protrusions, or other materials that are likely to cause injury.

(d) Equines shall be supplied with nutritionally adequate feed and clean water, in accordance with standards in “A Guide: Minimum Standards of Horse Care in the State of California” published by the Center for Equine Health of the School of Veterinary Medicine of the University of California, Davis.

(e) Tack and equipment shall be appropriate and fit properly.

(f) After use, the equine shall be cooled out to a normal condition at rest.

(g) When not being ridden, a saddled equine shall have available adequate shelter from the elements and have loosened saddle straps and girths.

(h) An equine shall not be available for hire or use if the equine has any conditions that violate subdivision (b) of Section 597 or Section 597.1 of the Penal Code or any of the following conditions:

(1) Sores or abrasions caused or likely to be irritated by the surfaces of saddles, girths, harnesses, or bridles.

(2) Blindness in both eyes.

(3) Improperly or inadequately trimmed and shod feet contrary to the standards regarding hoof care included in “A Guide: Minimum Standards of Horse Care in the State of California” published by the Center for Equine Health of the School of Veterinary Medicine of the University of California, Davis.

(i) Each equine shall be individually identified through the use of humane methods, such as a detailed description, including, but not limited to, name, breed, color, markings, size, age, sex, and photograph.

(j) Farrier and veterinary receipts shall be kept, and shall identify each equine treated.

(k) Veterinary, farrier, and feed records shall be made available during normal business hours to the law enforcement officer. Upon failure to provide these records, the equine or equines in question may not be used for hire until the records are produced or an equine veterinarian certifies that the equine or equines are fit for labor.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 331, Sec. 2.5. (SB 787) Effective January 1, 2020.)

chapter: 13.5. Horses and Other Equine Animals

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 13.5. Horses and Other Equine Animals


text:
(a) Citations issued pursuant to Section 25988 shall require the person cited to pay a civil penalty in the amount of one hundred dollars ($100) for each violation, and one hundred dollars ($100) for each day the violation continues.

(b) Any person who violates Section 25988 may be prosecuted by the district attorney of the county in which the violation occurred or the city attorney of the city in which the violation occurred.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 747, Sec. 5.)


text:
(a) Any traveling circus or carnival that performs in this state shall do both of the following:

(1) Notify each entity that provides animal control services for a city, county, or city and county in which the traveling circus or carnival intends to perform of its intent to perform within that jurisdiction. Notice shall be given at least 14 days prior to the first performance in that city, county, or city and county.

(2) Provide each entity that provides animal control services for a city, county, or city and county in which the traveling circus or carnival intends to perform with a schedule of its performances in California.

(b) For the purposes of this chapter, “traveling circus or carnival” does not include any fair regulated under Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 19400) of Division 8 of the Business and Professions Code, or any rodeo, horse, or school event.

(c) Any violation of subdivision (a) shall be punishable by a fine of not less than five hundred dollars ($500) and not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000) for a first violation, and not less than one thousand five hundred dollars ($1,500) and not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for any subsequent violation.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 83, Sec. 109. Effective January 1, 2000.)

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 13.6. Wild or Domestic Animals in Traveling Circuses and Carnivals


text:
Prohibitions.In addition to other applicable provisions of law:

(a) A farm owner or operator within the state shall not knowingly cause any covered animal to be confined in a cruel manner.

(b) A business owner or operator shall not knowingly engage in the sale within the state of any of the following:

(1) Whole veal meat that the business owner or operator knows or should know is the meat of a covered animal who was confined in a cruel manner.

(2) Whole pork meat that the business owner or operator knows or should know is the meat of a covered animal who was confined in a cruel manner, or is the meat of immediate offspring of a covered animal who was confined in a cruel manner.

(3) Shell egg that the business owner or operator knows or should know is the product of a covered animal who was confined in a cruel manner.

(4) Liquid eggs that the business owner or operator knows or should know are the product of a covered animal who was confined in a cruel manner.

history: (History: Amended November 6, 2018, by initiative Proposition 12, Sec. 3. Effective December 19, 2018.)

chapter: 13.8. Farm Animal Cruelty

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 13.8. Farm Animal Cruelty


text:
Definitions. For the purposes of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:

(a) “Breeding pig” means any female pig of the porcine species kept for the purpose of commercial breeding who is six months or older or pregnant.

(b) “Business owner or operator” means any person who owns or controls the operations of a business.

(c) “Cage-free housing system” means an indoor or outdoor controlled environment for egg-laying hens within which hens are free to roam unrestricted; are provided enrichments that allow them to exhibit natural behaviors, including, at a minimum, scratch areas, perches, nest boxes, and dust bathing areas; and within which farm employees can provide care while standing within the hens’ usable floorspace. Cage-free housing systems include, to the extent they comply with the requirements of this subdivision, the following:

(1) Multitiered aviaries, in which hens have access to multiple elevated platforms that provide hens with usable floorspace both on top of and underneath the platforms.

(2) Partially slatted systems, in which hens have access to elevated flat platforms under which manure drops through the flooring to a pit or litter removal belt below.

(3) Single-level all-litter floor systems bedded with litter, in which hens have limited or no access to elevated flat platforms.

(4) Any future systems that comply with the requirements of this subdivision.

(d) “Calf raised for veal” means any calf of the bovine species kept for the purpose of producing the food product described as veal.

(e) “Confined in a cruel manner” means any one of the following acts:

(1) Confining a covered animal in a manner that prevents the animal from lying down, standing up, fully extending the animal’s limbs, or turning around freely.

(2) After December 31, 2019, confining a calf raised for veal with less than 43 square feet of usable floorspace per calf.

(3) After December 31, 2021, confining a breeding pig with less than 24 square feet of usable floorspace per pig.

(4) After December 31, 2019, confining an egg-laying hen with less than 144 square inches of usable floorspace per hen.

(5) After December 31, 2021, confining an egg-laying hen with less than the amount of usable floorspace per hen required by the 2017 edition of the United Egg Producers’ Animal Husbandry Guidelines for U.S. Egg-Laying Flocks: Guidelines for Cage-Free Housing or in an enclosure other than a cage-free housing system.

(f) “Covered animal” means any calf raised for veal, breeding pig, or egg-laying hen who is kept on a farm.

(g) “Egg-laying hen” means any female domesticated chicken, turkey, duck, goose, or guineafowl kept for the purpose of egg production.

(h) “Enclosure” means a structure used to confine a covered animal or animals.

(i) “Farm” means the land, building, support facilities, and other equipment that are wholly or partially used for the commercial production of animals or animal products used for food or fiber; and does not include live animal markets, establishments at which mandatory inspection is provided under the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 601 et seq.), or official plants at which mandatory inspection is maintained under the federal Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 1031 et seq.).

(j) “Farm owner or operator” means any person who owns or controls the operations of a farm.

(k) “Fully extending the animal’s limbs” means fully extending all limbs without touching the side of an enclosure, or another animal.

(l) “Liquid eggs” means eggs of an egg-laying hen broken from the shells, intended for human food, with the yolks and whites in their natural proportions, or with the yolks and whites separated, mixed, or mixed and strained. Liquid eggs do not include combination food products, including pancake mixes, cake mixes, cookies, pizzas, cookie dough, ice cream, or similar processed or prepared food products, that are comprised of more than liquid eggs, sugar, salt, water, seasoning, coloring, flavoring, preservatives, stabilizers, and similar food additives.

(m) “Person” means any individual, firm, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, corporation, estate, trust, receiver, or syndicate.

(n) “Pork meat” means meat, as defined in Section 900 of Title 3 of the California Code of Regulations as of August 2017, of a pig of the porcine species, intended for use as human food.

(o) “Sale” means a commercial sale by a business that sells any item covered by this chapter, but does not include any sale undertaken at an establishment at which mandatory inspection is provided under the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 601 et seq.), or any sale undertaken at an official plant at which mandatory inspection is maintained under the federal Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 1031 et seq.). For purposes of this section, a sale shall be deemed to occur at the location where the buyer takes physical possession of an item covered by Section 25990.

(p) “Shell egg” means a whole egg of an egg-laying hen in its shell form, intended for use as human food.

(q) “Turning around freely” means turning in a complete circle without any impediment, including a tether, and without touching the side of an enclosure or another animal.

(r) “Uncooked” means requiring cooking prior to human consumption.

(s) “Usable floorspace” means the total square footage of floorspace provided to each covered animal, as calculated by dividing the total square footage of floorspace provided to the animals in an enclosure by the number of animals in that enclosure. In the case of egg-laying hens, usable floorspace shall include both groundspace and elevated level flat platforms upon which hens can roost, but shall not include perches or ramps.

(t) “Veal meat” means meat, as defined in Section 900 of Title 3 of the California Code of Regulations as of August 2017, of a calf raised for veal intended for use as human food.

(u) “Whole pork meat” means any uncooked cut of pork, including bacon, ham, chop, ribs, riblet, loin, shank, leg, roast, brisket, steak, sirloin, or cutlet, that is comprised entirely of pork meat, except for seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives, and similar meat additives. Whole pork meat does not include combination food products, including soups, sandwiches, pizzas, hotdogs, or similar processed or prepared food products, that are comprised of more than pork meat, seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives, and similar meat additives.

(v) “Whole veal meat” means any uncooked cut of veal, including chop, ribs, riblet, loin, shank, leg, roast, brisket, steak, sirloin, or cutlet, that is comprised entirely of veal meat, except for seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives, and similar meat additives. Whole veal meat does not include combination food products, including soups, sandwiches, pizzas, hotdogs, or similar processed or prepared food products, that are comprised of more than veal meat, seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives, and similar meat additives.

history: (History: Amended November 6, 2018, by initiative Proposition 12, Sec. 4. Effective December 19, 2018.)


text:
Exceptions. This chapter shall not apply:

(a) During medical research.

(b) During examination, testing, individual treatment, or operation for veterinary purposes.

(c) During transportation.

(d) During rodeo exhibitions, state or county fair exhibitions, 4-H programs, and similar exhibitions.

(e) During the slaughter of a covered animal in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 19501) of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Food and Agricultural Code, relating to humane methods of slaughter, and other applicable law and regulations.

(f) To a breeding pig during the five-day period prior to the breeding pig’s expected date of giving birth, and any day that the breeding pig is nursing piglets.

(g) During temporary periods for animal husbandry purposes for no more than six hours in any 24-hour period, and no more than 24 hours total in any 30-day period.

history: (History: Amended November 6, 2018, by initiative Proposition 12, Sec. 5. Effective December 19, 2018.)


text:
Enforcement. (a) The Department of Food and Agriculture and the State Department of Public Health shall jointly promulgate rules and regulations for the implementation of this act by September 1, 2019.

(b) Any person who violates any of the provisions of this chapter is guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000) or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not to exceed 180 days or by both such fine and imprisonment. In addition, a violation of subdivision (b) of Section 25990 constitutes unfair competition, as defined in Section 17200 of the Business and Professions Code, and is punishable as prescribed in Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 17200) of Part 2 of Division 7 of the Business and Professions Code.

(c) The provisions of this chapter relating to cruel confinement of covered animals and sale of products shall supersede any conflicting regulations, including conflicting regulations in Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 40601) of Subdivision 6 of Division 2 of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations.

history: (History: Amended November 6, 2018, by initiative Proposition 12, Sec. 6. Effective December 19, 2018.)


text: It shall be a defense to any action to enforce subdivision (b) of Section 25990 that a business owner or operator relied in good faith upon a written certification by the supplier that the whole veal meat, whole pork meat, shell egg, or liquid eggs at issue was not derived from a covered animal who was confined in a cruel manner, or from the immediate offspring of a breeding pig who was confined in a cruel manner.

history: (History: Added November 6, 2018, by initiative Proposition 12, Sec. 7. Effective December 19, 2018.)


text:
Construction of Chapter.

The provisions of this chapter are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other laws protecting animal welfare, including the California Penal Code. This chapter shall not be construed to limit any state law or regulations protecting the welfare of animals, nor shall anything in this chapter prevent a local governing body from adopting and enforcing its own animal welfare laws and regulations.

history: (History: Added November 4, 2008, by initiative Proposition 2, Sec. 3. Operative January 1, 2015, by Sec. 5 of Prop. 2.)


text:
The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:

(a) According to the Pew Commission on Industrial Farm Production, food animals that are treated well and provided with at least minimum accommodation of their natural behaviors and physical needs are healthier and safer for human consumption.

(b) A key finding from the World Health Organization and Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Salmonella Risk Assessment was that reducing flock prevalence results in a directly proportional reduction in human health risk.

(c) Egg-laying hens subjected to stress are more likely to have higher levels of pathogens in their intestines and the conditions increase the likelihood that consumers will be exposed to higher levels of food-borne pathogens.

(d) Salmonella is the most commonly diagnosed food-borne illness in the United States.

(e) It is the intent of the Legislature to protect California consumers from the deleterious, health, safety, and welfare effects of the sale and consumption of eggs derived from egg-laying hens that are exposed to significant stress and may result in increased exposure to disease pathogens including salmonella.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2010, Ch. 51, Sec. 1. (AB 1437) Effective January 1, 2011.)

chapter: 14. Shelled Eggs

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 14. Shelled Eggs


text: Commencing January 1, 2015, a shelled egg shall not be sold or contracted for sale for human consumption in California if the seller knows or should have known that the egg is the product of an egg-laying hen that was confined on a farm or place that is not in compliance with animal care standards set forth in Chapter 13.8 (commencing with Section 25990).

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2013, Ch. 625, Sec. 1. (SB 667) Effective January 1, 2014.)


text: A person who violates this chapter is guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000) or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not to exceed 180 days or by both that fine and imprisonment.

history: (History: Added by renumbering Section 25997 (as added by Stats. 2010, Ch. 51, Sec. 1) by Stats. 2015, Ch. 303, Sec. 317. (AB 731) Effective January 1, 2016.)


text: The provisions of this chapter are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other laws protecting animal welfare, including the Penal Code. This chapter shall not be construed to limit any state law or regulation protecting the welfare of animals, nor shall anything in this chapter prevent a local governing body from adopting and enforcing its own animal welfare laws and regulations.

history: (History: Added by renumbering Section 25997.1 by Stats. 2015, Ch. 303, Sec. 318. (AB 731) Effective January 1, 2016.)


text: Glazing materials subject to human impact in residential, commercial, and public buildings shall, to the extent not preempted by federal law, comply with the provisions of Section 5406 of the 1982 edition of the Uniform Building Code. Those glazing materials shall be subject to the requirements specified in Standard No. 54-2 of the 1982 edition of the Uniform Building Code Standards, or subject to comparative requirements which are determined by the local building official, responsible for enforcement of such standards, to produce at least equivalent performance.

history: (History: Repealed and added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 215, Sec. 2. Effective May 26, 1982.)

chapter: 15. Safety Glazing Materials

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 15. Safety Glazing Materials


text: Each light of safety glazing material installed in hazardous locations, as specified by subdivision (d) of Section 5406 of the 1982 edition of the Uniform Building Code, shall be identified by a label, as specified by subdivision (b) of Section 5406 of that code.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 1982, Ch. 215, Sec. 3. Effective May 26, 1982.)


text: It shall be unlawful within the state to knowingly install, consent, or cause to be installed, glazing materials in any hazardous location other than as permitted by this chapter.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 1982, Ch. 215, Sec. 4. Effective May 26, 1982.)


text: No liability under this chapter shall be created as to workmen who are employees of a contractor, subcontractor, or other employer responsible for compliance with this chapter.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 1970, Ch. 329.)


text: Any person who knowingly violates any provision of this chapter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) or by imprisonment for not more than six months, or both.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 1971, Ch. 581.)


text: The provisions of this chapter shall apply in all parts of the state.


text: The provisions of this chapter shall be administered and enforced pursuant to Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 17960) of Part 1.5 of Division 13.


text: If asbestos-containing materials are used in an air duct system which is installed in any building in the state on or after the effective date of this chapter, such material shall be overcoated with a sealant adequate to preclude erosion of asbestos fibers.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 1971, Ch. 382.)

chapter: 17. Air Duct Systems

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 17. Air Duct Systems


text: This chapter shall be known, and may be cited, as the Toxic Mold Protection Act of 2001.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2001, Ch. 584, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2002.)

chapter: 18. Toxic Mold

article: 1. General Provisions

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 18. Toxic Mold > 1. General Provisions


text:
For purposes of this chapter, the following definitions apply:

(a) “Affect” means to cause a condition by the presence of mold in the dwelling unit, building, appurtenant structure, common wall, heating system, or ventilating and air-conditioning system that affects the indoor air quality of a dwelling unit or building.

(b) “Authoritative bodies” means any recognized national or international entities with expertise on public health, mold identification and remediation, or environmental health, including, but not limited to, other states, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the World Health Organization, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, the New York City Department of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Industrial Hygiene Association.

(c) “Certified Industrial Hygienist” means a person who has met the education, experience, and examination requirements of an industrial hygiene certification organization as defined in Section 20700 of the Business and Professions Code.

(d) “Code enforcement officer” means a local official responsible for enforcing housing codes and maintaining public safety in buildings using an interdepartmental approach at the local government level.

(e) “Department” means the State Department of Health Services, designated as the lead agency in the adoption of permissible exposure limits to mold in indoor environments, mold identification and remediation efforts, and the development of guidelines for the determination of what constitutes mold infestation.

(f) “Indoor environments” means the affected dwelling unit or affected commercial or industrial building.

(g) “Mold” means any form of multicellular fungi that live on plant or animal matter and in indoor environments. Types of mold include, but are not limited to, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fuarim, Trichoderma, Memnoniella, Mucor, and Stachybotrys chartarum, often found in water-damaged building materials.

(h) “Person” means an individual, corporation, company, association, partnership, limited liability company, municipality, public utility, or other public body or institution.

(i) “Public health officer” means a local health officer appointed pursuant to Section 101000 or a local comprehensive health agency designated by the board of supervisors pursuant to Section 101275 to carry out the drinking water program.

article: 1. General Provisions


text: All standards that the department develops pursuant to this chapter shall be in accordance with existing administrative law procedures applicable to the development of regulations.

article: 1. General Provisions


text: The department shall convene a task force which shall advise the department on the development of standards pursuant to Sections 26103, 26105, 26106, 26120, and 26130. The task force shall be comprised of representatives of public health officers, environmental health officers, code enforcement officers, experts on the health effects of molds, medical experts, certified industrial hygienists, mold abatement experts, representatives of government-sponsored enterprises, representatives from school districts or county offices of education, representatives of employees and representatives of employers, and affected consumers, which include, but are not limited to, residential, commercial and industrial tenants, homeowners, environmental groups, and attorneys, and affected industries, which include, but are not limited to, residential, commercial and industrial building proprietors, managers or landlords, builders, realtors, suppliers of building materials and suppliers of furnishings, and insurers. Task force members shall serve on a voluntary basis and shall be responsible for any costs associated with their participation in the task force. The department shall not be responsible for travel costs incurred by task force members or otherwise compensating task force members for costs associated with their participation in the task force.

article: 1. General Provisions


text: The department shall consider the feasibility of adopting permissible exposure limits to mold in indoor environments.

article: 1. General Provisions


text:
(a) If the department finds that adopting permissible exposure limits to mold in indoor environments is feasible, the department, in consultation with the task force convened pursuant to Section 26101.7, shall:

(1) Adopt permissible exposure limits to mold for indoor environments that avoid adverse effects on health, with an adequate margin of safety, and avoid any significant risk to public health.

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), balance the protection of public health with technological and economic feasibility when it adopts permissible exposure limits.

(3) Utilize and include the latest scientific data or existing standards adopted by authoritative bodies.

(4) Develop permissible exposure limits that target the general population.

(b) The department shall consider all of the following criteria when it adopts permissible exposure limits for molds in indoor environments:

(1) The adverse health effects of exposure to molds on the general population, including specific effects on members of subgroups that comprise a meaningful portion of the general population, which may include infants, children age 6 years and under, pregnant women, the elderly, asthmatics, allergic individuals, immune compromised individuals, or other subgroups that are identifiable as being at greater risk of adverse health effects than the general population when exposed to molds.

(2) The standards for molds, if any, adopted by authoritative bodies.

(3) The technological and economic feasibility of compliance with the proposed permissible exposure limit for molds. For the purposes of determining economic feasibility pursuant to this paragraph, the department shall consider the costs of compliance to tenants, landlords, homeowners, and other affected parties.

(4) Toxicological studies and any scientific evidence as it relates to mold.

(c) The department may develop alternative permissible exposure limits applicable for facilities, which may include hospitals, child care facilities, and nursing homes, whose primary business is to serve members of subgroups that comprise a meaningful portion of the general population and are at greater risk of adverse health effects from molds than the general population. These subgroups may include infants, children age 6 years and under, pregnant women, the elderly, asthmatics, allergic individuals, or immune compromised individuals.

(d) The department shall report to the Legislature on its progress in developing the permissible exposure limit for molds by July 1, 2003.

article: 1. General Provisions


text:
(a) (1) The department shall, at the time it commences preparation of the permissible exposure limits to mold, provide notice electronically by posting on its Internet Web site a notice that informs interested persons that the department has initiated work on the permissible exposure limits to mold.

(2) The notice shall also include a brief description or a bibliography of the technical documents or other information the department has identified to date as relevant to the preparation of the permissible exposure limits.

(3) The notice shall inform persons who wish to submit information concerning exposure to molds of the name and address of the person in the department to whom the information may be sent, the date by which the information must be received in order for the department to consider it in the preparation of the permissible exposure limits, and that all information submitted will be made available to any member of the public who makes the request.

(b) The department may amend the permissible exposure limits to molds to make the limits less stringent if the department shows clear and convincing evidence that the permissible exposure limits to molds should be made less stringent and the amendment is made consistent with Section 26103.

(c) The department may review, and consider adopting by reference, any information prepared by, or on behalf of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or other authoritative bodies, for the purpose of adopting national permissible exposure limits to molds.

(d) At least once every five years, after adoption of permissible exposure limits to molds, the department shall review the adopted limits and shall, consistent with the criteria set forth in subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103, amend the permissible exposure limits if any of the following occur:

(1) Changes in technology or treatment techniques that permit a materially greater protection of public health.

(2) New scientific evidence that indicates that molds may present a materially different risk to public health than was previously determined.

article: 1. General Provisions


text:
(a) The department, in consultation with the task force convened pursuant to Section 26101.7, shall adopt practical standards to assess the health threat posed by the presence of mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, in an indoor environment.

(b) The department shall adopt assessment standards for molds that do the following:

(1) Protect the public’s health.

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), balance the protection of public health with technological and economic feasibility when it adopts assessment standards.

(3) Utilize and include the latest scientific data or existing standards for the assessment of molds adopted by authoritative bodies.

(4) Develop standards that target the general population.

(5) The department shall ensure that air or surface testing is not required to determine whether the presence of mold constitutes a health threat posed by the presence of mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, in an indoor environment.

(c) The department shall consider all of the following criteria when it adopts standards for the assessment of molds in indoor environments:

(1) The adverse health effects of exposure to molds on the general population, including specific effects on members of subgroups that comprise a meaningful portion of the general population, which may include infants, children age 6 years and under, pregnant women, the elderly, asthmatics, allergic individuals, immune compromised individuals, or other subgroups that are identifiable as being at greater risk of adverse health effects than the general population when exposed to molds.

(2) The standards for assessment of molds, if any, adopted by authoritative bodies.

(3) The technological and economic feasibility of compliance with the proposed permissible exposure limit for molds. For the purposes of determining economic feasibility pursuant to this paragraph, the department shall consider the costs of compliance to tenants, landlords, homeowners, and other affected parties.

(4) Any toxicological studies or additional scientific evidence.

(d) The department shall report to the Legislature on its progress in developing the assessment standards for molds by July 1, 2003.

article: 1. General Provisions


text: The department may develop alternative assessment standards applicable for facilities, which may include hospitals, child care facilities, and nursing homes, whose primary business is to serve members of subgroups that comprise a meaningful portion of the general population and are at greater risk of adverse health effects to molds than the general population. These subgroups may include infants, children age 6 years and under, pregnant women, the elderly, asthmatics, allergic individuals, or immune compromised individuals.

article: 1. General Provisions


text:
(a) (1) The department shall, at the time it commences preparation of standards for the assessment of molds, provide notice electronically by posting on its Internet Web site a notice that informs interested persons that the department has initiated work on the assessment standards.

(2) The notice shall also include a brief description, or a bibliography, of the technical documents or other information the department has identified to date as relevant to the preparation of the assessment standards.

(3) The notice shall inform persons who wish to submit information concerning the assessment of molds in indoor environments of the name and address of the person in the department to whom the information may be sent, the date by which the information must be received in order for the department to consider it in the preparation of the assessment standards, and that all information submitted will be made available to any member of the public who makes the request.

(b) The department may review, and consider adopting by reference, any information prepared by, or on behalf of, the United States Environmental Protection Agency or other authoritative bodies, for the purpose of adopting national assessment standards for molds.

(c) At least once every five years, after adoption of assessment standards for molds, the department shall review the adopted standards and shall, consistent with the criteria set forth in subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 26105, amend the standards if any of the following occur:

(1) Changes in technology or treatment techniques that permit a materially greater protection of public health.

(2) New scientific evidence that indicates that molds may present a materially different risk to public health than was previously determined.

article: 1. General Provisions


text: The department, in consultation with the task force convened pursuant to Section 26101.7, shall adopt mold identification guidelines for the recognition of mold, water damage, or microbial volatile organic compounds in indoor environments.

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 18. Toxic Mold > 2. Guidelines for Identification of Molds


text: Identification guidelines shall include scientifically valid methods to identify the presence of mold including elements for collection of air, surface and bulk samples, visual identification, olfactory identification, laboratory analysis, measurements of amount of moisture, and presence of mold and other recognized analytical methods used for the identification of molds.

article: 2. Guidelines for Identification of Molds


text:
(a) Identification guidelines developed by the department shall do all of the following:

(1) Avoid adverse effects on the health of the general population, with an adequate margin of safety, and avoid any significant risk to public health.

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), balance the protection of public health with technological and economic feasibility.

(3) Utilize and include the latest scientific data or existing standards for the assessment of molds adopted by authoritative bodies.

(b) The department shall consider all of the following criteria when it develops identification guidelines for mold:

(1) Permissible exposure limits to molds developed by the State Department of Health Services pursuant to subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103, or what constitutes a health threat posed by the presence of mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, in an indoor environment, according to the department’s standards as developed pursuant to Section 26105.

(2) Standards for mold identification, if any, adopted by authoritative bodies.

(3) Professional judgment and practicality.

(4) Toxicological reports or additional scientific evidence.

(c) The department shall not require a commercial, industrial, or residential landlord or a public entity that rents or leases a unit or building to conduct air or surface tests of units or buildings to determine whether the presence of molds exceeds the permissible exposure limits to mold established by subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 26103.

(d) The department shall develop a reporting form for building inspection that may be used to document the presence of mold.

(e) The department shall report to the Legislature on its progress in developing identification guidelines for mold by July 1, 2003.


text: The department may review, and consider adopting by reference, any information prepared by, or on behalf of, the United States Environmental Protection Agency or other authoritative bodies, for the purpose of adopting national identification standards for molds.


text:
(a) The department shall, at the time it commences preparation of identification guidelines for mold, electronically post on its Internet Web site a notice that informs interested persons that it has initiated work on the identification guidelines.

(b) The notice shall include a brief description, or a bibliography, of the technical documents or other information the department has identified to date as relevant to the preparation of the identification guidelines for mold.

(c) The notice shall inform persons who wish to submit mold identification information of the name and address of the person in the office to whom the information may be sent, the date by which the information must be received for the department to consider it in the preparation of the identification guidelines, and that all information submitted will be made available to any member of the public who makes the request.


text: All identification guidelines for mold published by the department shall be reviewed at least once every five years and revised, as necessary, based upon the availability of new scientific data or information on effective mold identification.


text: The department, in consultation with the task force convened pursuant to Section 26101.7, shall develop and disseminate remediation guidelines for molds in indoor environments.

article: 3. Guidelines for Remediation

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 18. Toxic Mold > 3. Guidelines for Remediation


text:
(a) Remediation guidelines for mold developed by the department shall do all of the following:

(1) Provide practical guidance for the removal of mold and abatement of the underlying cause of mold and associated water intrusion and water damage in indoor environments.

(2) Protect the public’s health.

(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (2), balance the protection of public health with technological and economic feasibility.

(4) Utilize and include toxicological reports, the latest scientific data, or existing standards for the remediation of molds adopted by authoritative bodies.

(5) Provide practical guidance for the removal or cleaning of contaminated materials in a manner that protects the health of the person performing the abatement.

(6) Include criteria for personal protective equipment.

(7) Not require a landlord, owner, seller, or transferor, to be specially trained or certified or utilize the services of a specially qualified professional to conduct the mold remediation.

(b) The department shall consider all of the following criteria when it develops remediation guidelines for mold:

(1) Permissible exposure limits to molds developed by the department pursuant to subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103, or what constitutes a health threat posed by the presence of mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, in an indoor environment, according to the department’s guidelines as developed pursuant to Section 26105.

(2) Guidelines for mold remediation, if any, adopted by authoritative bodies.

(3) Professional judgment and practicality.

(c) The department shall not require a commercial, industrial, or residential landlord, or a public entity that rents or leases a unit or building to conduct air or surface tests of units or buildings to determine whether the presence of molds exceeds the permissible exposure limits to mold established by subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 26103.

(d) The department shall report to the Legislature on its progress in developing remediation standards for mold by July 1, 2003.

article: 3. Guidelines for Remediation


text:
(a) The department shall, at the time it commences preparation of remediation guidelines for mold, electronically post on its Internet Web site, a notice that informs interested persons that it has initiated work on the remediation standards.

(b) The notice shall also include a brief description, or a bibliography, of the technical documents or other information the department has identified to date in the preparation of remediation guidelines for mold.

(c) The notice shall inform persons who wish to submit information concerning mold remediation of the name and the address of the person in the office to whom the information may be sent, the date by which the information must be received in order for the department to consider it in the preparation of remediation standards, and that all information submitted will be made available to any member of the public who makes the request.

article: 3. Guidelines for Remediation


text: The department may review, and consider adopting by reference, any information prepared by, or on behalf of, the United States Environmental Protection Agency or other authoritative bodies, for the purpose of adopting national remediation standards for molds.

article: 3. Guidelines for Remediation


text:
(a) The department shall make available to the public upon request, information about contracting for the removal of mold in a building or surrounding environment, including all of the following:

(1) Recommended steps to take when contracting with a company to remove mold.

(2) Existing laws, regulations, and guidelines developed by the department, pertaining to permissible exposure limits to mold infestation, identification, and remediation.

(3) Basic health information as contained in existing mold publications.

(b) All mold remediation guidelines published by the department shall be reviewed at least once every five years and revised, as necessary based upon the availability of new scientific data.

(c) (1) The State Department of Health Services shall develop public education materials and resources to inform the public about the health effects of molds, methods to prevent, identify and remediate mold growth, resources to obtain information about molds, and contact information for individuals, organizations, or government entities to assist with public concerns about molds.

(2) The department shall make its public education materials available to public health officers, environmental health officers, commercial and residential landlord organizations, homeowners’ organizations, and tenants’ organizations. These materials shall be readily available to the general public.

(3) These materials shall be comprehensible to the general public.

(4) These materials shall be produced to include other languages, in addition to English, to accommodate the diverse multicultural population of California.

(5) These materials shall be made available on the department’s Internet Web site.

article: 3. Guidelines for Remediation


text:
(a) Subject to subdivisions (b), (c), and (d), a seller or transferor of commercial or industrial real property shall provide written disclosure to prospective buyers as soon as practicable before the transfer of title when the seller or transferor knows of the presence of mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, that affects the unit or building and the mold either exceeds permissible exposure limits to molds established by subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 26103 or poses a health threat, according to the department’s guidelines as developed pursuant to Section 26105.

(b) A seller or transferor of commercial or industrial real property shall be exempt from providing written disclosure pursuant to this subdivision if the presence of mold was remediated according to the mold remediation guidelines developed by the department pursuant to Section 26130.

(c) A commercial or industrial real property seller shall not be required to conduct air or surface tests of units or buildings to determine whether the presence of molds exceeds the permissible exposure limits to molds established by subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103.

(d) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts standards pursuant to Sections 26103 and 26105 and develops guidelines pursuant to Section 26130.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 386, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2003.)

article: 4. Disclosures

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 18. Toxic Mold > 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Subject to subdivisions (c), (d), and (e), commercial and industrial landlords shall provide written disclosure to prospective and current tenants of the affected units as specified in subdivision (b), when the landlord knows that mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, is present that affects the unit or the building and the mold either exceeds the permissible exposure limits to molds established by subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103 or poses a health threat according to the department’s guidelines as developed pursuant to Section 26105.

(b) The written notice required by subdivision (a) shall be provided:

(1) To prospective tenants as soon as practicable and prior to entering into the rental agreement.

(2) To current tenants in affected units as soon as is reasonably practical.

(c) A commercial and industrial landlord shall be exempt from providing written disclosure to prospective tenants pursuant to this section if the presence of mold was remediated according to the mold remediation guidelines developed by the department pursuant to Section 26130.

(d) A commercial or industrial landlord shall not be required to conduct air or surface tests of units or buildings to determine whether the presence of molds exceeds the permissible exposure limits to molds established by subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103.

(e) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts standards pursuant to Sections 26103 and 26105 and develops guidelines pursuant to Section 26130.

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Any tenant of a commercial or industrial real property who knows that mold is present in the building, heating system, ventilating or air-conditioning system, or appurtenant structures, or that there is a condition of chronic water intrusion or flood, shall inform the landlord of this knowledge in writing within a reasonable period of time. The tenant shall make the property available to the landlord or his or her agents for appropriate assessment or remedial action as soon as is reasonably practicable if the landlord is responsible for maintenance of the property. Nothing in this section is intended to any way affect existing duties and obligations of residential tenants and landlords.

(b) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts standards pursuant to Sections 26103 and 26105 and develops guidelines pursuant to Section 26130.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 386, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2003.)

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Commercial and industrial landlords, who know or have notice that mold is present in the building, heating system, ventilating or air-conditioning system, or appurtenant structures, or that there is a condition of chronic water intrusion or flood, have an affirmative duty, within a reasonable period of time, to assess the presence of mold or condition likely to result in the presence of mold and conduct any necessary remedial action.

(b) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts standards pursuant to Sections 26103 and 26105 and develops guidelines pursuant to Section 26130.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 386, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2003.)

article: 4. Disclosures


text: The requirements of this article shall not apply to properties where the tenant is contractually responsible for maintenance of the property, including any remedial action.

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Any tenant of a commercial or industrial real property who knows or is informed that mold is present in the building, heating system, ventilating or air-conditioning system, or appurtenant structures, or that there is a condition of chronic water intrusion or flood, and is responsible for maintenance of the property shall inform the landlord in writing of that knowledge as soon as is reasonably practicable and shall correct the condition in compliance with the terms of the contract with the landlord.

(b) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts standards pursuant to Sections 26103 and 26105 and develops guidelines pursuant to Section 26130.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 386, Sec. 5. Effective January 1, 2003.)

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) A public entity that owns, leases, or operates a building shall provide written disclosure to all building occupants and prospective tenants as specified in subdivision (b) when the public entity knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, that a condition of chronic water intrusion or flood exists, or that mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, is present that affects the building or unit and the mold either exceeds the permissible exposure limits to molds established by subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103, or poses a health threat according to the department’s guidelines developed pursuant to Section 26105.

(b) The written notice required by subdivision (a) shall be provided:

(1) To prospective tenants as soon as practicable and prior to entering into the rental agreement.

(2) To current building occupants in affected units or buildings as soon as is reasonably practical.

(c) A public entity shall be exempt from providing written disclosure to prospective tenants pursuant to subdivision (a) if the presence of mold was remediated according to the mold remediation guidelines developed by the department pursuant to Section 26130.

(d) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts standards pursuant to Sections 26103 and 26105 and develops guidelines pursuant to Section 26130.

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Subject to subdivisions (b), (d), and (e), residential landlords shall provide written disclosure to prospective and current tenants of the affected units as specified in subdivision (b) when the residential landlord knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, that mold, both visible and invisible or hidden, is present that affects the unit or the building and the mold either exceeds the permissible exposure limits to molds established by subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 26103 or poses a health threat according to the department’s guidelines as developed pursuant to Section 26105.

(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), a residential landlord shall not be required to conduct air or surface tests of units or buildings to determine whether the presence of molds exceeds the permissible exposure limits to molds established by subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 26103.

(c) The written disclosure required by subdivision (a) shall be provided:

(1) To prospective tenants prior to entering into the rental or lease agreement.

(2) To current tenants in affected units as soon as is reasonably practical.

(d) A residential landlord shall be exempt from providing written disclosure to prospective tenants pursuant to this section if the presence of mold was remediated according to the mold remediation guidelines developed by the department pursuant to Section 26130.

(e) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts standards pursuant to Sections 26103 and 26105 and develops guidelines pursuant to Section 26130.

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Residential landlords shall provide written disclosure to prospective tenants of the potential health risks and the health impact that may result from exposure to mold by distributing a consumer-oriented booklet developed and disseminated by the department.

(b) The requirements of this section shall be provided to prospective residential tenants prior to entering the rental or lease agreement.

(c) The requirements of this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department approves the consumer-oriented booklet, as described in subdivision (a).

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 664, Sec. 134. Effective January 1, 2003.)

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Nothing in this article shall relieve a seller, transferor, lessor, agent, landlord, or tenant from any responsibility for compliance with other obligations, laws, ordinances, codes, or regulations, including but not limited to the duties outlined in Sections 1941 and 1941.1 of the Civil Code and any other duties provided for under common law.

(b) Nothing in this article shall alter or modify any right, remedy, or defense otherwise available under law.

article: 4. Disclosures


text:
(a) Nothing in this article shall affect the existing obligations of the parties or transferor to a real estate contract, or their agents, to disclose any facts materially affecting the value and desirability of the property, including, but not limited to, the physical conditions of the property and previously received reports of physical inspections noted on the disclosure form set forth in Section 1102.6 or 1102.6a of the Civil Code.

(b) Nothing in this article shall be construed to change the existing inspection and disclosure duties of a real estate broker or salesperson including, but not limited to, those duties imposed by Section 2079 of the Civil Code.

article: 4. Disclosures


text: The specification of items for disclosure in this article does not limit or abridge any obligation for disclosure created by any other provision of law, or which may exist in order to avoid fraud, misrepresentation, or deceit in the transfer transaction.

article: 4. Disclosures


text: All items subject to disclosure requirements pursuant to this article shall be subject to enforcement pursuant to Article 5 (commencing with Section 26154).

article: 4. Disclosures


text: Neither the transferor nor any listing or selling agent shall be held liable for any error, inaccuracy, or omission of any information delivered pursuant to this article if the error, inaccuracy, or omission was not within the personal knowledge of the transferor, or the listing or selling agent, or was based on information timely provided by public agencies, or by other persons providing relevant information by delivery of a report or opinion prepared by an expert dealing with matters within the relevant scope of the professional’s license or expertise, and ordinary care was exercised in obtaining and transmitting it.

article: 4. Disclosures


text: Public health officers, code enforcement officers, environmental health officers, city attorneys, and any other appropriate government entities may respond to complaints about mold and may enforce standards adopted by the department, pursuant to subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 26103 and subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 26105, and enforce the disclosure requirements of Sections 26147 and 26148 that are developed by the department in consultation with the task force. The disclosure enforcement guidelines established by the department pursuant to this section shall include development of a form for disclosure and the penalties, if any, that may be imposed for failure to disclose. No penalty shall be assessed against an owner for failure to disclose under Section 26147 where the owner provides disclosure to the tenants in a form that substantially conforms to the disclosure form developed by the department. Local authority to enforce disclosure requirements pursuant to this section shall not apply until the first January 1 or July 1 that occurs at least six months after the department adopts disclosure enforcement guidelines for compliance with Sections 26147 and 26148.

article: 5. Enforcement

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 18. Toxic Mold > 5. Enforcement


text: After the State Department of Health Services, pursuant to administrative law procedures, submits the proposed regulations developed pursuant to this chapter, the Department of Consumer Affairs, in consultation with representatives from the State Department of Health Services, the Department of Industrial Relations, and members of the task force convened by the department pursuant to Section 26101.7, shall consider and report on the need for standards for mold testing professionals and mold remediation specialists.

article: 5. Enforcement


text: This chapter shall be implemented only to the extent that the department determines that funds are available for the implementation of this chapter.

article: 6. Implementation

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 18. Toxic Mold > 6. Implementation


text:
(a) The department may receive voluntary contributions to support the department’s activities in providing guidance, developing standards and guidelines and permissible exposure limits, and adopting regulations relating to indoor mold hazards, including, but not limited to, duties included under this chapter.

(b) The contributions shall be deposited in the Public Health Protection from Indoor Mold Hazards Fund, which is hereby created in the State Treasury. Notwithstanding Section 13340 of the Government Code, moneys in the fund shall be continuously appropriated to the department without regard to fiscal years and shall be used to support the department’s activities in providing guidance, developing standards and guidelines and permissible exposure limits, and adopting regulations relating to indoor mold hazards, including, but not limited to, duties included under this chapter to the extent that funding is available.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1161, Sec. 5.5. Effective September 30, 2002.)

article: 6. Implementation


text:
(a) The California Research Bureau, in consultation with the State Department of Health Services, shall perform a study and publish findings on fungal contamination affecting indoor environments, in accordance with this chapter.

(b) The California Research Bureau shall organize meetings of a review panel to assist in the preparation of appropriate content for the study.

(c) The California Research Bureau shall appoint to the review panel a diverse group of professionals including, but not limited to, representatives of the following:

(1) Health officers.

(2) Environmental health directors.

(3) Experts on the health effects of fungi.

(4) Medical experts.

(5) Mold testing experts.

(6) Industrial hygienists.

(7) Engineers.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2001, Ch. 550, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2002.)

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 19. Fungal Contamination Review Panel and Research Program


text:
The review panel shall examine the following areas relating to fungal contamination in indoor environments:

(a) Medical and public health.

(b) Evaluation and monitoring.

(c) Remediation and prevention.

(d) Educational materials.

(e) Hazard communication.

(f) Any other area identified by the review panel.

chapter: 19. Fungal Contamination Review Panel and Research Program


text:
The panel shall review and, to the extent resources and expertise permit, make findings on all of the following:

(a) The health effects of exposure to fungi, based on a review of the literature addressing immunology, infectious disease, and medical evaluation.

(b) The practices for assessing fungal contamination, including the use of visual inspection, surface sampling, air monitoring, and the proper analysis of environmental samples.

(c) To the extent feasible, the appropriateness of commercially available methods for identifying fungal contamination of building components including, but not limited to, walls, ventilation systems, and support beams.

(d) The options for preventing and remediating fungal contamination in indoor environments. The findings are intended as a practical guide regarding options for building managers, homeowners, and members of the general public who may have concerns about fungal contamination in living and working environments.

(e) Recommendations on hazard communication for distinct subpopulations, including workers employed in high-risk occupations.

(f) The development of a recommended reading list related to molds, their health effects, their impacts on indoor air quality, and related topics for local government officials, including environmental health officers.

(g) Any additional topical areas deemed appropriate by the review panel.


text:
(a) By January 1, 2003, the California Research Bureau shall submit to the Legislature and the Director of Health Services the published findings of the study.

(b) (1) The findings may provide relevant information to the State Department of Health Services for the purpose of establishing standards and guidelines on fungal contamination affecting indoor environments pursuant to Chapter 18 (commencing with Section 26100).

(2) This subdivision may serve as a source of information for department programs relating to fungal contamination, including those provisions that become operative if Senate Bill 732 is enacted and adds Chapter 18 (commencing with Section 26100).


text: Of the funds identified in provision (2) of Item 6120-011-0001 of the Budget Act of 2001, twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) shall be made available to be used for contracts for outside researchers pursuant to this chapter.


text: This chapter shall be known, and may be cited, as the Code Enforcement Officer Standards Act.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2016, Ch. 246, Sec. 2. (AB 2228) Effective January 1, 2017.)

chapter: 20. Certified Code Enforcement Officers

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 20. Certified Code Enforcement Officers


text:
For purposes of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:

(a) “Board” means the duly elected Board of Directors of the California Association of Code Enforcement Officers.

(b) “CACEO” means the California Association of Code Enforcement Officers, a public benefit corporation domiciled in California.

(c) “Certified Code Enforcement Officer” or “CCEO” means a person registered or certified as described in this chapter.

(d) “Code enforcement officer” has the same meaning as defined in Section 829.5 of the Penal Code.


text:
(a) The board shall develop and maintain standards for the various classes of CCEOs that it designates. The standards for education, training, and certification shall be adopted by administrative rule of the board, and they shall be no less than as described in this chapter. CCEOs shall not have the power of arrest except as authorized by the city, county, or city and county charter, code, or regulation in which they operate. CCEOs shall not have access to summary criminal history information pursuant to this section, but persons regularly employed by a city, county, or city and county designated pursuant to this subdivision may be furnished state summary criminal history information upon a showing of compelling need pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 11105 of the Penal Code if the criteria specified in that section is otherwise met. A person may not be designated or certified as a CCEO under this section if that person is disqualified pursuant to the criteria set forth in Section 1029 of the Government Code.

(b) The board shall review all applications from cities, counties, cities and counties, and accredited educational institutions who seek to develop and provide education designed to qualify their students, participants, or employees as CCEOs. All applications that are submitted on approved forms that, subject to the board’s review and approval, demonstrate the equivalency of the standards adopted under the rules of the board shall qualify as Certified Code Enforcement Officer Education Program Providers (program providers). All program providers are subject to ongoing program review and evaluation under the board’s administrative rules. A program provider shall renew its program provider application and obtain approval under the board’s administrative rules no later than 36 months from the date of the last approval or else it shall lapse and be subject to renewal under the board’s administrative rules. All students, participants, or employees who successfully pass the minimum education and certification requirements of the program providers approved curriculum shall, subject to the same fees as other registered CCEOs under the board’s administrative rules, be granted status as CCEOs in an equivalent manner as applicants who attained certification or registration status through the CACEO educational and certification programs and academies.

(c) The development and perpetual advancement of code enforcement officer professional standards and actively providing related educational offerings that lead to increased professional competence and ethical behavior shall be the highest priority for the board in its licensing, certification, and disciplinary functions. Whenever the advancement of code enforcement officer professional standards and the provision of related educational offerings is inconsistent with other interests sought to be promoted, the former shall be paramount.


text: The board’s administrative rules shall designate minimum training, qualifications, and experience requirements for applicants to qualify for the CCEO designation, including, but not limited to, training and competency requirements in the areas of land use and zoning laws, health and safety codes, substandard housing abatement, environmental regulations, sign standards, public nuisance laws, applicable constitutional law, investigation and enforcement techniques, application of remedies, officer safety, and community engagement. The board may, by administrative rule, designate additional classes of certifications to help meet its mission.


text: The board shall conspicuously and continually publish its list of CCEOs on the CACEO Internet Web site, containing the registrant’s full name, summary status as to individual disciplinary concerns, active or inactive status, date of active CCEO expiration, and business address, unless the business address is a residence, which shall be treated as confidential.


text: A CCEO shall hold a valid certificate designating the person as a CCEO issued by the CACEO, shall at all times remain a member in good standing of the CACEO, and shall be subject to ongoing continuing education and registration requirements as designated by the board’s administrative rules.


text: Failure to maintain the continuing education requirements shall cause the certification status to lapse, subject to redemption as specified by the board’s administrative rules. Once a certification lapses, the certification status shall automatically convert to inactive CCEO status unless it is redeemed. The rights, privileges, and procedures or limitations on redemption of inactive CCEOs shall be specified in the board’s administrative rules.


text: The board shall annually set fees in amounts that are reasonably related and necessary to cover the cost of administering this chapter. The fees shall be set by the board and published on the CACEO Internet Web site and maintained at the CACEO’s headquarters.


text:
The board shall maintain a register of each application for a certificate of registration under this chapter. The register shall include all of the following:

(a) The name, residence, date of birth, and driver’s license number (including state or country of origin) of the applicant.

(b) The name and address of the employer or business of the applicant.

(c) The date of the application.

(d) The education and experience qualifications of the applicant.

(e) The action taken by the board regarding the application and the date of the action.

(f) The serial number of any certificate of registration issued to an applicant.

(g) Any other information required by board rule.


text: A person may not hold himself or herself out to be a Certified Code Enforcement Officer in this state or use the title “Certified Code Enforcement Officer” in this state unless the person holds a certificate of registration pursuant to this chapter.


text: The board shall, by administrative rule, create a process to timely consider and review all applicants who hold certification from any other agency, and allow them to seek review and potential approval of the qualifications to potentially be recognized as a CCEO in this state. A denial of full recognition as a CCEO shall be accompanied by written justification and a list of required steps that may be required for the individual applicant to complete the registration and certification process. Recognition fees shall be set as described in Section 26212.


text:
(a) The board shall adopt administrative rules to process information, investigate allegations or suspicions of applicants or licensees providing false information, failing to disclose material information on the registration application, or not providing any information that may, either before or during the certification process, disqualify the applicant or certificant under subdivision (a) of Section 26207. The board shall adopt procedures and guidelines to impose any discipline, revocation of certification, or sanction, for cause, against any applicant, registrant, or certificant.

(b) The administrative rules shall provide the applicant or registrant with adequate and fair notice and hearing opportunities prior to the board taking any adverse action against the applicant or certificant.

(c) Any factual finding after a hearing that the board concludes is cause for revocation, suspension, or other disciplinary or administrative action against a registration or certification shall result in an order after hearing that meets the fair notification requirements of this section.

(d) All orders after hearing shall be deemed final under the board’s authority and procedures and may be appealed as provided for in Sections 1094.5 and 1094.6 of the Code of Civil Procedure.


text: This chapter shall not be construed to duplicate, overlap, or otherwise conflict with the certification and continuing education requirements for construction inspectors, plans examiners, and building officials established pursuant to Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 18949.25) of Part 2.5 of Division 13.


text: This chapter shall be known, and may be cited, as the Animal Control Officer Standards Act.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2019, Ch. 622, Sec. 2. (AB 1125) Effective January 1, 2020.)

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 20.5. Animal Control Officer Standards Act


text:
(a) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the California Animal Welfare Association.

(b) “CalAnimals” means the California Animal Welfare Association, a public benefit corporation domiciled in California.

(c) “Certified animal control officer” or “CACO” means a person certified as described in this chapter.

(d) “Animal control officer” has the same meaning as defined in paragraph (8) of subdivision (d) of Section 241 of the Penal Code.

chapter: 20.5. Animal Control Officer Standards Act


text:
(a) The board shall develop and maintain standards for various classes of CACOs. The standards for education, training, and certification shall be adopted by administrative rule of the board, and shall not be less rigorous than those described in this chapter. A CalAnimals training committee shall review the standards and provide input to the board for adoption.

(b) The development and perpetual advancement of animal control officer professional standards and actively providing related educational offerings that lead to increased professional competence and ethical behavior shall be the highest priorities for the board in its licensing, certification, and disciplinary functions. Whenever the advancement of animal control officer professional standards and the provision of related educational offerings is inconsistent with other interests sought to be promoted, the former shall be paramount.

(c) The minimum standards to become a certified animal control officer are as follows:

(1) Completion of at least 20 hours of a course of training in animal care sponsored or provided by an accredited postsecondary institution or any other provider approved by the California Veterinary Medical Association, the focus of which is the identification of disease, injury, and neglect in domestic animals and livestock.

(2) Completion of at least 40 hours of a course of training on state laws relating to the powers and duties of an officer charged with enforcing laws relating to the humane treatment of animals sponsored or provided by an accredited postsecondary institution, law enforcement agency, or CalAnimals. Training required pursuant to Section 830.9 of the Penal Code, as prescribed in Section 832 of the Penal Code, does not satisfy the minimum of 40 hours of training required by this paragraph. The course shall include, but not be limited to, training and competency requirements in the areas of administrative inspection, relevant food and agricultural laws, Penal Code provisions governing the treatment of animals and animal-related crimes, state and local health and safety codes, environmental regulations, public nuisance laws, applicable constitutional law, investigation and enforcement techniques, application of remedies, officer safety, and community engagement.

(3) During each three-year period following the date on which the certification was earned, completion of 40 hours of continuing education and training relating to the powers and duties of an animal control officer, which shall be sponsored or provided by an accredited postsecondary institution, law enforcement agency, or CalAnimals. Documentation shall be served to CalAnimals no later than 21 days after the expiration of each three-year period.

(4) An individual who has become a CACO in accordance with paragraph (1) shall complete the continuing education and training as required in this section from the date their certification is granted by the board.

(d) If an applicant has, before January 1, 2020, successfully completed the training required by paragraphs (1) and (2) of subdivision (c) within the previous 10 years of the applicant’s employment as an animal control officer, the board shall deem the applicant to have satisfied the training requirements of those paragraphs.

(e) The board may, by administrative rule, designate additional levels of certification.


text:
The board shall maintain a registry of each application for a certificate of registration under this chapter. The registry shall include all of the following:

(a) The name, residence, date of birth, and driver’s license number, including state or country of origin, of the applicant.

(b) The name and address of the employer or business of the applicant.

(c) The date of the application.

(d) The education and experience qualifications of the applicant.

(e) The action taken by the board regarding the application and the date of the action.

(f) The serial number of a certificate of registration issued to the applicant.

(g) Any other information required by board rule.


text: The board shall, by administrative rule, create a process to promptly consider and review all applicants who hold certification from any other agency, and allow them to seek review and approval of the qualifications to be recognized as a CACO in this state. A denial of full recognition as a CACO shall be accompanied by written justification and a list of steps that are required for the individual applicant to complete the registration and certification process. Recognition fees shall be set as described in Section 26229.


text: The board shall conspicuously and continually publish its list of CACOs on the CalAnimals internet website containing the CACO’s full name, summary status as to active or inactive status, date of active CACO expiration, and business address, unless the business address is a residence, which shall be treated as confidential.


text: A CACO shall hold a valid certificate designating the person as a CACO issued by CalAnimals, shall be currently employed or previously employed within a three-year period in an animal control officer job classification in California, and shall be current and compliant with ongoing continuing education and registration requirements as designated by the board’s administrative rules.


text: Failure to maintain the continuing education requirements shall cause a CACO’s active certification status to lapse, subject to redemption as specified by the board’s administrative rules. Once a certification lapses, the certification status shall automatically convert to inactive CACO status unless it is redeemed.


text: A person may not purport to be a CACO in this state or use the title “certified animal control officer” in this state unless the person holds a valid certificate of registration pursuant to this chapter.


text: The board shall annually set and impose fees in amounts that do not exceed the reasonable amount necessary to cover the costs of administering those services pursuant to this chapter. The schedule of fees shall be published on the CalAnimals internet website.


text:
(a) The board shall adopt administrative rules to process information and investigate allegations or suspicions of an applicant or a CACO providing false information, failing to disclose material information on the registration application, or failing to provide information that may, either before or during the certification process, disqualify the applicant or CACO. The board shall adopt procedures and guidelines to impose discipline, revocation of certification, or sanction, for cause, against an applicant or CACO.

(b) The administrative rules shall provide the applicant or CACO with adequate and fair notice and an opportunity for a hearing before the board takes adverse action against the applicant or CACO.

(c) A factual finding after a hearing that the board concludes is cause for revocation, suspension, or other disciplinary or administrative action against an applicant or a CACO shall result in an order after hearing that meets the fair notification requirements of this section.

(d) An order after notice and an opportunity for a hearing shall be deemed final under the board’s authority and procedures and may be appealed as provided for in Sections 1094.5 and 1094.6 of the Code of Civil Procedure.


text:
(a) Except as provided in subdivision (c), a local official who inspects a commercial property or business for compliance with a state statute or regulation or local ordinance shall not, during the inspection, be accompanied by a person with a potential financial interest in the outcome of the inspection, unless the person is any one of the following:

(1) The owner of the property or business.

(2) The agent or representative of the owner of the property or business.

(3) A person who has, or operates under, an existing contract with the local government of the local official to provide inspection, abatement, legal, or remediation services and has been directed by a local official to perform services at that particular inspected property or business.

(4) A contractor or consultant, or a designated agent of that contractor or consultant, that is on a publicly available list of qualified bidders that may provide inspection, abatement, or remediation services to, and receive compensation for those services from, the local government. A person who accompanies a local official pursuant to this paragraph shall not solicit or receive compensation from the owner to remediate any potential violations of a state statute or regulation or local ordinance found in the course of the inspection.

(b) Except as provided in subdivision (c), a person who has entered into a contract with a local government for inspection, abatement, or remediation services, who inspects a commercial property or business for compliance with a state statute or regulation or local ordinance without the presence of a local official shall not solicit or receive compensation from the owner to remediate any potential violations of a state statute or regulation or local ordinance found in the course of the inspection.

(c) Subdivisions (a) and (b) shall not apply to an inspection conducted after the local official or the local official’s designee has provided notice in writing to the owner of the property or business identifying specific violations of state statute or regulation or local ordinance existing upon the property and the specific actions required to correct those violations.

(d) For purposes of this section, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) “Agent or representative” may include, but is not limited to, a licensed contractor that is performing work on, or has completed work on, the commercial property or business that is the subject of the inspection.

(2) “Local government” means a city, including a charter city, county, or city and county.

(3) “Local official” means a code enforcement officer, as defined in Section 829.5 of the Penal Code, of a city, county, or a city and county, a county health officer described in Article 1 (commencing with Section 101025) of Chapter 2 of Part 3 of Division 101, a city health officer described in Article 4 (commencing with Section 101450) of Chapter 4 of Part 3 of Division 101, or the designated agent of those health officers.

(4) “Person with a potential financial interest in the outcome of the inspection” is any of the following:

(A) A person who makes an offer to the owner to physically remediate for compensation potential violations of a state statute or regulation or local ordinance found in the course of an inspection by a local official.

(B) A person who offers to provide or provides compensation to a local official in exchange for recommending the remediation services of a specific person, providing the contact information for those services to the owner or agent of the owner of the premises or business inspected, or providing the name of the owner of the property or business or agent or representative of the owner to the person who offers the remediation services.

(e) This section does not affect the ability of a local government to recover the costs of any abatement or remediation performed by or pursuant to the authority of the local government in accordance with applicable law.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 263, Sec. 1. (AB 2485) Effective January 1, 2019.)

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 21. Prohibition on Financially Interested Individuals in Local Inspections


text:
(a) (1) A manufacturer who sells or provides for compensation a trash receptacle or storage container that is on a roadway or the curb of a roadway in order to be emptied or picked up shall mark the trash receptacle or storage container with a reflector on each side.

(2) An owner, other than a manufacturer, of a trash receptacle or storage container that is on a roadway or the curb of a roadway in order to be emptied or picked up shall mark the trash receptacle or storage container with a reflector on each side.

(b) (1) Subject to paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), a trash receptacle or storage container subject to subdivision (a) shall have at least eight strips of reflective tape, each a minimum of two inches wide and two feet long. One tape strip shall be applied horizontally to each of the top and bottom portions of the four corners where the vertical walls of the trash receptacle or storage container meet, and be oriented so that approximately 12 inches of each tape strip is visible on each of the two outside walls to which it is applied. The reflective tape shall be fluorescent yellow and be made of high-performance retroreflective sheeting of American Society for Testing and Materials D4956-13 Type V, VIII, IX, or XI.

(2) If reflective tape cannot be applied to a trash receptacle or storage container in the manner prescribed in paragraph (1) because of the design or a physical characteristic of the trash receptacle or storage container, the reflective tape shall be placed as close to the top and bottom of the trash receptacle or storage container as possible or on the center of the smaller outside facing walls of the trash receptacle or storage container.

(3) A trash receptacle or storage container subject to subdivision (a) shall not be required to comply with the requirements in paragraphs (1) and (4) if the reflectors were applied to the trash receptacle or storage container before January 1, 2025.

(4) For a storage container transported by truck and trailer, the reflective tape shall be fluorescent yellow, red, white, or alternating red and white, and be made of high-performance retroreflective sheeting of American Society for Testing and Materials D4956-13 Type IX or XI.

(c) An owner of a trash receptacle or storage container that is on a roadway or the curb of a roadway in order to be emptied or picked up shall clearly label the trash receptacle or storage container with the owner’s name and current telephone number.

(d) (1) A manufacturer or an owner who violates this section shall be guilty of an infraction punishable by a fine of one hundred dollars ($100) for the first violation of this section if not corrected within 14 days of notice, five hundred dollars ($500) for the second violation of this section if not corrected within 14 days of notice, and one thousand dollars ($1,000) for the third violation, or any subsequent violation, of this section if not corrected within 14 days of notice. The fines shall be deposited into the Accident Prevention and Road Safety Fund, which is hereby created in the State Treasury. Moneys in the fund are available upon appropriation by the Legislature.

(2) The Attorney General, or the district attorney or city attorney in the location where the violation is observed, may enforce this section.

(3) For purposes of this subdivision, a violation means the failure to mark an individual trash receptacle or storage container as required pursuant to subdivision (a), (b), or (c).

(4) For purposes of this subdivision, “owner” shall not mean a local governmental entity.

(e) This section only applies to trash receptacles and storage containers that are longer than three feet in length and taller than four feet in height.

(f) For purposes of this section, “provides for compensation” includes containers that are rented or provided as part of a service for which the owner or manufacturer receives compensation.

history: (History: Amended by Stats. 2025, Ch. 232, Sec. 1. (SB 731) Effective January 1, 2026.)

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 22. Trash Receptacles and Storage Containers


text:
For purposes of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:

(a) “Accredited testing laboratory” means an independent laboratory accredited by an accreditation body to ISO 17025 or ISO 17065, or a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL).

(b) “Certification” means the attestation by an accredited testing laboratory that the equipment, device, or product has been evaluated and tested and found to conform to the standards specified in this chapter.

(c) “Charging system” means dedicated chargers used for charging an electric bicycle, a powered mobility device, or storage batteries that are either in place or removed from electric bicycles or powered mobility devices for charging.

(d) “Complete electrical system” means all electric components of an electric bicycle or powered mobility device, including, but not limited to, drive units, batteries, battery management systems, interconnected wiring, charging systems, and power inlets.

(e) (1) “Electric bicycle” means a bicycle with electric assistance as defined in Section 312.5 of the Vehicle Code.

(2) Devices advertised as “e-bikes,” “e-bicycles,” “electric bikes,” or other variations that are substantially similar to an electric bicycle are subject to the same standards as an electric bicycle.

(f) “Nationally recognized testing laboratory” (NRTL) means an organization that meets the qualifications provided in Section 1910(b) of Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations and is recognized as an NRTL by the United States Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory Program.

(g) “Office” means the Office of the State Fire Marshal.

(h) (1) “Powered mobility device” includes any of the following:

(A) A motorized scooter as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 407.5 of the Vehicle Code.

(B) A motorized bicycle or moped as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 406 of the Vehicle Code.

(C) An off-highway motorcycle as defined in Section 436 of the Vehicle Code.

(D) Any other personal mobility device powered by a lithium-ion storage battery.

(2) “Powered mobility device” does not include electric bicycles, wheelchairs, or other mobility devices designed for use by persons with disabilities, a vehicle that is powered by an internal combustion engine, or a vehicle required to be registered with the Department of Motor Vehicles.

(i) “Storage battery” means any of the following:

(1) A rechargeable lithium-ion traction battery that supplies electrical power to the motor that propels an electric bicycle or powered mobility device, and includes a replacement original equipment traction battery for those devices.

(2) A battery sold as part of a kit intended to convert a bicycle into an electric bicycle or powered mobility device.

(3) A lithium-ion battery advertised as suitable for use with an electric bicycle or powered mobility device.

history: (History: Added by Stats. 2024, Ch. 791, Sec. 1. (SB 1271) Effective January 1, 2025. Operative January 1, 2026, pursuant to Section 26305.)

path: 20. MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS > 23. Battery Standards for Electric Bicycles, Powered Mobility Devices, and Storage Batteries


text: The State Fire Marshal shall prepare and adopt regulations in the California Fire Code (Part 9 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations) in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code) that promote the fire and electrical safety of electric bicycles, powered mobility devices, and storage batteries.

chapter: 23. Battery Standards for Electric Bicycles, Powered Mobility Devices, and Storage Batteries